Hidden Energy Infrastructure Affects Nearly 47 Million Americans
Millions of people in the United States live closer to fossil fuel infrastructure than they realize. This network includes wells, refineries, pipelines, storage sites, and power plants. As a result, many communities face exposure to pollutants without knowing it.A new national analysis found that 46.6 million Americans live within a mile of at least one fossil fuel facility. In addition, many people live near several types of infrastructure at once.
Unseen Steps in the Supply Chain
Most of us picture drilling rigs or smokestacks when we think of fossil fuels. However, the journey from extraction to end use involves several hidden stages. Oil and gas are refined, stored, and transported long before they reach a power plant.Researchers from Boston University mapped these mid-supply chain steps for the first time. Their study shows how widespread this infrastructure truly is across the country.
Health Concerns Near Mid-Supply Chain Sites
Past studies linked extraction sites and power plants to asthma, birth complications, and other health issues. However, far less research examines the risks from facilities between these stages. Some sites release volatile organic compounds that may harm nearby residents.The new study highlights this gap. It also provides a starting point for understanding who faces the greatest exposure and where future research should focus.
Who Lives Closest to These Facilities?
The team found clear patterns. Urban communities experience the most exposure, especially near storage, refining, and transportation sites. Predominantly POC communities also face disproportionate impacts, which raises concerns about environmental justice.Storage facilities, although fewer in number, sit close to larger populations. Therefore, reducing exposure near these sites may offer the most immediate benefit.
The research uses data from the new EI3 Database, which brings scattered information into one easy-to-access tool. This resource opens the door to more detailed studies on health impacts. It may also guide fairer zoning decisions and support healthier communities across the country.
