Celtic Curse’ Hemochromatosis: 1 in 54 at Risk in UK Hotspots
Article:Researchers have discovered where hemochromatosis hits hardest. The genetic condition, known as the “Celtic curse,” is surprisingly common in parts of Scotland and Ireland.In north-west Ireland, about one in 54 people carry the high-risk gene. The Outer Hebrides follow closely with one in 62 people affected. Northern Ireland also shows high rates at one in 71.This marks the first time scientists have mapped the condition across the UK and Ireland. The University of Edinburgh led the study, analyzing DNA from over 400,000 people.
What Is Hemochromatosis?
Hemochromatosis causes the body to store too much iron. The excess builds up slowly in organs over many years. Most people don’t notice symptoms for decades.However, untreated cases can become serious. The condition may lead to liver damage, liver cancer, or arthritis. Fortunately, treatment is simple. Regular blood donation removes excess iron effectively.The main genetic culprit is a variant called C282Y. People inherit this from both parents to develop the condition.
Why Some Regions Face Higher Risk
The study revealed striking patterns across the British Isles. Glasgow and south-west Scotland also show elevated risk, though lower than the hotspots.Diagnosis rates tell an interesting story too. White Irish individuals face nearly four times the risk of white British people. Liverpool has eleven times more cases than Kent. Researchers believe this links to historical Irish migration to Liverpool during the 1850s.Some areas may have hidden cases. Birmingham, Cumbria, Northumberland, and Durham report fewer diagnoses than expected. These regions could benefit from expanded screening efforts.
Experts Call for Community Screening
Professor Jim Flett Wilson from the University of Edinburgh supports wider testing. “Early detection prevents most adverse consequences,” he explains. “A simple treatment—giving blood—is available. The time has come for community-wide genetic screening in high-risk areas.”Jonathan Jelley from Haemochromatosis UK agrees. “This work could lead to greater awareness and better treatment for thousands,” he saysTorcuil Crichton, MP for the Western Isles, lives with the condition himself. He has already raised the issue with ministers. “Early identification means bad health outcomes can be avoided,” he shares.The research appears in Nature Communications and received funding from Haemochromatosis-UK.
