Gene Twist Sparked Backbone Evolution, Study Reveals
Scientists have found a key gene twist. This shift may explain how backbones evolved. Consequently, it reveals how vertebrates like fish and humans grew so complex. Researchers from the University of St. Andrews led the study. They compared sea squirts, lampreys, and frogs. Their goal was to find evolutionary differences.
Spotting a Critical Genetic Pattern
The team focused on cell communication genes. These genes guide embryo and organ development. Therefore, they are vital for building complex bodies.The study used advanced DNA sequencing. This method revealed new genetic details. For example, it showed how genes produce different protein versions.
A Surge in Protein Diversity
Scientists discovered a major difference. Lampreys and frogs made many more protein variants than sea squirts. This surge happened right when vertebrates first emerged.The increase was huge for signaling genes. However, most other genes did not change as much. This specific shift likely helped cells specialize.
Why This Discovery Matters Today
Lead author Professor David Ferrier called the find surprising. He stated these genes behave very uniquely. Their protein forms likely helped generate diverse cell types.This research offers fresh evolution insight. In addition, it may help future medical studies. Understanding these pathways could lead to new disease treatments.The study was published in BMC Biology. It provides a missing piece in vertebrate history. Ultimately, it shows how a genetic twist built the backbone for life’s diversity.
