Dementia Risk Factors: Nearly Half of Cases May Be Preventable, Study Finds
Nearly half of dementia cases may be linked to Dementia Risk Factors that people can change, according to new research from Lund University. The study suggests that healthy lifestyle choices could lower the chances of developing certain types of dementia. Researchers found that habits affecting heart and metabolic health also influence the brain over time. However, some factors, such as age, genetics, and sex, cannot be changed. Even so, experts believe improving daily habits may still protect brain function. The findings highlight the importance of prevention and early action for better long-term health.
Vascular Health Plays a Key Role
The research followed nearly 500 adults with an average age of 65. None showed signs of memory or thinking problems at the beginning. Scientists tracked participants for four years and examined changes in the brain. They focused on white matter, which contains nerve fibers often damaged in vascular dementia. In addition, they measured amyloid beta and tau proteins linked to Alzheimer’s disease. Results showed that smoking, high blood pressure, heart disease, and unhealthy blood fat levels increased damage to brain blood vessels. As a result, these factors were linked to faster white matter changes that may raise dementia risk.
Study Finds Links to Alzheimer’s Changes
Researchers also explored how metabolic conditions affected Alzheimer’s-related brain changes. For example, diabetes was associated with greater amyloid beta buildup. Meanwhile, people with a lower body mass index showed faster tau accumulation. However, scientists stressed that these findings require more research before reaching firm conclusions. Even so, the results offer valuable clues about how different risks may affect the brain in unique ways.
Healthy Choices Could Protect the Brain
Experts say healthy habits remain one of the strongest tools for protecting brain health. Managing blood pressure, controlling diabetes, avoiding smoking, and staying physically active may reduce damage linked to several forms of dementia. Therefore, improving vascular and metabolic health could delay symptoms and support healthier aging. More research will continue to improve prevention strategies.
