How Global Frog Meat Trade Spread a Deadly Amphibian Fungus
A deadly fungus has devastated global amphibian populations. Scientists now trace its spread to the international frog meat trade.
The Chytrid Fungus: A Global Threat
The chytrid fungus (Bd) harms frogs and toads worldwide. It has caused population crashes in over 500 species. Researchers link its spread to commercial bullfrog farming.Bullfrogs are native to North America. However, farmers brought them to Brazil in 1935. Later introductions occurred in the 1970s. Consequently, these movements created new pathways for the fungus.
A Brazilian Origin Confirmed
One fungal strain, Bd-Brazil, was first identified in the country. Previous research suggested it came from Asia. However, new genetic evidence confirms its origin in Brazil.Scientists from the State University of Campinas led this study. They found the strain in Brazil long before bullfrogs arrived. For example, museum specimens from 1916 tested positive.
Trade Routes Carried the Fungus
Researchers combined multiple data sources. They examined historical trade records and genetic samples from frog farms. Additionally, they tested bullfrogs sold in global markets.Bullfrog trade routes connected 48 countries. Brazil exported frogs to the United States for decades. The U.S. then shipped frogs to South Korea. Therefore, trade likely spread the fungus worldwide.
Stronger Safeguards Are Needed
These findings highlight serious risks in wildlife trade. As a result, researchers call for stricter import rules. They also recommend routine pathogen testing and quarantine measures.In conclusion, global cooperation can protect amphibians. Let’s prevent future outbreaks through careful monitoring.
